Revelation of John 16:10

10 Then
Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
the fifth angel
Grk “the fifth”; the referent (the fifth angel) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
poured out his bowl on the throne of the beast so that
Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so that” to indicate the implied result of the fifth bowl being poured out.
darkness covered his kingdom,
Grk “his kingdom became dark.”
and people
Grk “men,” but this is a generic use of ἄνθρωπος (anthrōpos) and refers to both men and women.
began to bite
On this term BDAG 620 s.v. μασάομαι states, “bite w. acc. τὰς γλώσσας bite their tongues Rv 16:10.”
their tongues because
The preposition ἐκ (ek) has been translated here and twice in the following verse with a causal sense.
of their pain.
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